Hierarchial and holistic: Synthesis

The patric religions and ideologies envision a hierarchical worldview, in which the levels (whether they be chakric, or corporate, or social, or political) build on top of each other. Each succeeding level is held in higher esteem than does the preceding, and each succeeding level is held to be closer to the truth than the preceding. The matric religions and ideologies envision a holistic worldview, in which the totality of human beingness is held in similar esteem and seen to be worthy of nurturing and existence.

I am of the belief that the two must combine, in a way that checks the disagreeable features within each other and synergize to create the best of all.The hierarchical worldview is frequently visualized as a triangle, or a pyramid. The holistic worldview is visualized as a circle, or a sphere. The complete worldview I see as being visualized as a triangle within a circle, or a pyramid within a sphere.

The hierarchical and holistic approaches are both ways of attaining at divinity. Both the pyramid and the sphere are perfect, and
indestructible. It is impossible to destroy a sphere because there is no space in it to invade it and shatter. It is impossible to destroy a
pyramid, because its sides are arranged in such a way as to make destruction impossible.

Both are perfect; but both are also incomplete. Both likewise possess capacity for right and capacity for wrong. The hierarchical model leads to excellence, but also leads to cruelty and coldness and contempt for what is held to be lower levels. The holistic model is encompassing, but lacking the quality consideration ends up seeing all things as equal and thus fails to lead to improvement and excellence. In combining the two it becomes possible for the two models to check each other in capacity for wrong and to synergize in a way that makes the best of both.

From the perspective of the center of the sphere, every place on the sphere is equidistant. To the sphere, all things are equal in worth.
The triangle however increases in worth as it rises above the foundation. The combination of the two arrives at a correct conclusion:
That all things are equal in inborn worth (sphere) but entirely distinct in accomplished worth (triangle). The sphere enfolds, nurtures and gives life to all levels and the entirety of human beingness. The pyramid motivates and structures and leads toward higher places. When the two combine, life is served; so is improvement. The sphere prevents the pyramid from becoming cruel and oppressive and instead imparts beauty and goodness and kindness toward life at all levels. The pyramid prevents the sphere from becoming ensnaring and static and therefore guides toward excellence.

Both the sphere and the triangle serve and take away freedom. The sphere frees from cruelty and coldness but also is capable of being
devouring and entrapping. The triangle frees from ensnarement but also is capable of stomping, controlling and brutality. The freedom is served, as it does in the government of checks and balances, when the two levels must compete with each other and check each other’s wrong, while combining at what is right to achieve a greater state than each is capable of doing.

The two levels of attaining divinity therefore must both work together and work to check each other. The holistic gives life and goodwill to all and makes the process beautiful rather than cruel and soulless. The hierarchical motivates toward self-improvement and guides people to make the most of themselves and the most of all. Like Quaballistic pillar of mildness and pillar of severity, the sphere and the pyramid work together to make the most of human existence: To make the lost of human experience through the the sphere’s awareness and goodwill and kindness, and to make the most of humankind through the pyramid’s rigor, motivation and demand.

In combining the sphere and the pyramid, are combined two great approaches to wisdom. Both, I repeat, being perfect; but both being in and of themselves incomplete. The two complete each other and check each other’s capacity for wrong, while together combining to do what each is in of itself incapable of doing. It is held in holistic approach that the heart is a way toward knowledge and wisdom – that, being created in divine image, it contains in itself blueprint for truth. It is held in hierarchical approach that the mind is a way toward knowledge and wisdom. Both are capable of knowledge and wisdom; but they know and are wise in different ways. The way at which the mind and the heart both attain at the same truth, is to be seen as the consummation. In the interim is
possible wrong in both cases; and in checking each other in doing wrong, while guiding each other to consummation, both the holistic and the hierarchical reduce the wrong done while improving each other and helping each other be its best and make the most of life.

The holistic and the hierarchical, the heart and the mind, like female and male, are of equal truth and of equal value. They synthesize to
make the most of each other and most of self and to make likewise what has not existed before. The holistic nourishes and heals and
replenishes; the hierarchical motivates and guides. When the two come together in mutual understanding, is achieved a state of affairs that’s both kind and excellent. And as they check and balance each other, what is eliminated is the wrong in each other, while allowing the right in each other to blossom and achieve more magnificent state of affairs than one of which either is capable.

The result of this combination is complete humanity and complete human experience, where life is made best it can be as are the living. People are motivated to be their best; they are also given (and give) goodwill and love and nourishment toward that purpose. The mind is improved; so is the heart. And the mind and the heart, both being made their most and both as such imparting of their fruits to the living, work together to make the most of human experience, both for humanity and for each human being.

Checking each other in each other’s capacity for wrong, and synergizing in where they are right, the hierarchical and the holistic express and give life to and empower and challenge and vitalize the totality of human beingness – leading toward most of human existence and most of humankind. Through its own efforts, humanity becomes its best and makes the most of human experience, bringing together both the holistic love and the hierarchical excellence to make life the most it can be. Love is served; so is improvement. And the result is the best of all worlds.

In holistic and hierarchical working together in synthesis, or synergy within the framework of checks and balances, is achieved the optimal state of humanity and the optimal state of life.

Pathological Trance States and Addictions

 Addiction can be better understood if we think of it not merely as “substance abuse,” or performance addiction, but as a form of an
impoverished reality that is maintained by a pathological trance. Limited awareness, tunnel vision, the special characteristic that
identifies a dysfunctional, impoverished reality, also identifies a type of pathological trance state that may be also a characteristic of
all addictions.
     If you really want to get into a pathological trance and stay there, here’s a general recipe. First, you must impoverish your reality
by removing all distractions and limit your awareness to a single, or at most a very few objects of attention. This narrowing of attention can be helped along by the passions inspired by drugs, trauma, by joining some religious or political movements or by staying at home and watching a lot of television or computer screen. It would be a good idea to get rid of distractions like kids, magazines or books – especially books that give you options or make you think about other possibilities. Second, you must convince yourself that all options – other than your chosen perfect ideal, of course – are “evil” and every attempt that your monkey mind makes to have variety must be crushed and that you must keep your mind “pure” and only allow thoughts about your chosen passion. This mental trick will serve to concentrate your attention firmly on the object.

Charity, desire and satisfaction

Acts of charity or dana are good deeds.  It is only when something is left over or saved that it can be given away as charity or gift, and it is an act of sacrifice. A whole means the whole of what exists at a particular time, and it is divisible into parts.  The same is true of all kinds of actions. Actions are different from one another; and in order to understand them, we should divide them into parts.  There are some who believe that action gives satisfaction to the soul and not the mind; but we should examine this opinion carefully before accepting it.  The origin of desire is knowledge, and animate and not inanimate objects derive satisfaction from it.  This idea of satisfaction is described in the sacred books in various ways.  The mind and the senses too have their share in satisfaction; and we can understand this from certain terms used in the text.  But satisfaction is obtained only when a thing is transformed into something else.

BACK TO DHARM – PARIVARTAN OF VANAVAASI BANDHU

Around 2,000 tribal men and women from different villages in South Gujarat, who had converted to Christianity, re-embraced Hinduism on Monday evening at a religious ceremony sammelan) at the Shivaji ground in Tapi district. They took an oath by the fire in the presence of Jagat Guru Acharya Narendra Maharaj and submitted affidavits that they won’t convert to Christianity ever again in the future. The people had started gathering at the venue since Sunday night listening to the Jagat Guru’s teaching before re- converting to Hinduism at the ceremony a day later. Narayan Solanki, a disciple of Narendra Maharaj in Tapi district, said, “There are many disciples of the Maharaj working in different villages of Vyara, Dharampur, Songadh, Mandvi, Ahwa-Dang, Vasda and so on. They visit these places and interact with the tribals who have been baptised earlier by various missionaries and convince them to return back to Hinduism.”

According to Solanki, the Maharaj also runs an ashram at Naneej village in Ratnagiri district of Maharashtra. It was after a visit to one such ashram that they became motivated to become his disciples. “We visit different villages and persuade those, who have been baptised, to come back into the Hindu fold,” said Solanki.

Giving details about the sammelan (ceremony), another disciple, Mahipal Thakur, said, “We have been working for the sammelan for the past few months and contacted tribals in various villages, who had become fed up with Christianity. These tribals gathered on Sunday night at Tapi district. They were provided with food and accommodation, and later they met the Maharaj during the night. On Monday, they assembled at the Shivaji ground where the Maharaj gave a religious sermon. Many of the tribal men also cut off their hair and took oaths, while all of them gave thumb impressions on the affidavits saying they have willingly returned to the folds of the Hindu religion.”

Deputy Collector of Tapi district N S Halbe said, “The organisers had taken prior permission to hold the sammelan. The district officials visited the venue and have submitted their report about it to me.”

Introduction to the Mimansa Options

The sacred books of the Hindus (the Vedas) present a number of problems which have yet to be solved.  These have been tackled by
various scholars from time to time, but their essential enigma remains. In the past, there was a great awakening of interest in Sanskrit
amongst European and American scholars.  But the results have fallen short of expectation.  And philosophy and religion, meditation have given place to history, philology, anthropology, archaeology and antiquarian research.  The modern scholar would not deny the moral and spiritual significance of the sacred books, but they are for him but relics of a bygone era with values and problems far removed from his own. The Vedas are believed to be the earliest record of the genius of man.  But however important to a study of antiquity, it would not be easy to define their moral and spiritual worth or contribution to the solution of the problems of life.

The law of Dharma and the Vedas

Dharma may be defined as the highest good.  Its idea is not limited to sense perception, and requires a proper teacher to explain it.   It arises from action, which is the law of life.  Success arises from action; and action cannot be renounced.  There is action even when we do not see it, which is both eternal and universal.  However, there is a difference between natural and deliberate action; and the subject matter of the Vedas is action.

The idea of dharma does not arise from sense-perception, because the latter is limited to what is present, while the idea of dharma goes beyond the present.  As it is conceived to be the highest good.  Which is a valid means of acquiring knowledge, and does not require the authority of a Badarayana to prove it.  (Badarayana is the name of the celebrated author of the Vedanta Sutras).

Self-interest and natural desire: how to understand the Vedas

Self-interest is inherent in man.  It cannot be seen; it can only be understood.  Self-interest has two forms, which may be described as natural motive and deliberate motive; and the conflict between them may be seen in the discussion that goes on within us.  But the
discussion has its purpose too; and it can modify natural motive as well as desire.  Natural motive precedes discussion; and it is not only an intelligent, but also a good, desire that can be associated with the idea of sacrifice. There is a common law of life applicable to all animals, because there is no essential difference between them at any time; and their similarity of behaviour is due not to similarity of motive, but of nature. Natural desire comes first, and the idea of its purification afterwards. Lower animals are characterized by an urge in respect of primary and not secondary actions and objects; and there is little difference in their milk, which is easily effected by time.

Action, purpose and sacrifice: the method of interpretation

We must choose the meaning of a word that suits the context best, as in the case of the word Svaru.  Acting means drawing something near to one’s self.  Action requires the use of a limb of the body, and different limbs perform different actions; and this is signified by
the word Upavesha.  The words Juhoti and Harana have similar meanings. We cannot accept the common meaning of words; and must have new ones as in the case of ajya, or make a selection, as in the case of Sam- yavana.  The meaning of certain terms is specially defined: for instance, Mitra and Varuna signify renunciation of action when the work of life is done. There is purpose in action, and its idea is illustrated by the Soma sacrifice.  Action with a purpose arises because of a close connection between the actor and the objects of life.  All purpose has its value; but the final purpose of action is purification.

Action and Purification: the method of interpretation Options

The highest end of action is purification; but this applies to deliberate and not accidental action.  The idea of purification of material objects is part of the idea of sacrifice. The Vedas enjoin action, and not their fruit; but we need to understand their language correctly to grasp their idea.  This may be illustrated by the idea of Heaven. Purpose, action and result are connected together like the limbs of
the body; and that is the subject matter of the Angas, “limbs” or parts of the mantras of the Vedas.

The result of an action is achieved more by skill than Time; but if we have done our best and yet failed, we can attribute the failure to
Time.  The decay of the body may be caused by Time; but, apart from this, the result of an action is due to the character of the impelling
force.

SUBHASHITA, PANCHATANTR AND GNOMIC LITERATURE IN ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL BHARAT Options

Ability of Human beings to communicate with the help of spoken and written language has given birth to an unknown quantity of literature. It ranges from very crude to highly refined works. Apart from some cave inscriptions, we do not have very early works of human beings as the canvas of time is of thousands of years. The earliest such known available creative work is the composition of Rigvedic hymns. Seers do not take credit for its creation, and only claim to be receivers. They are addressed as drashtas and this
literature is considered as apaurusheya. If this is taken as the beginning, during last thousands of years, civilizations have been giving birth to variety of literary forms.

Hindus seems to have excelled in this art of creating literature, and also have given birth to endless varieties to suit their experiences. This year, we are trying to explore gnomic, subhashita-s, epigram, wisdom literature, etc. composed by Indian civilization. As human beings are exposed to varied experiences while interacting with other human beings and nature, they differ in their intensities
and perceptions. Transforming these self experiences into precise verbal form is a journey which needs creativity and innovativeness. We see this in abundance, in subhashita and wisdom literatures.

In this respect, Sternbach’s observations are masterly. He says “Probably no other literature in the world can be compared with Sanskrit literature as far as the variety of subjects, dealt with in short epigrams, is concerned. Sanskrit writers cultivated poetry to such an extent that every work, whether on love or hate, life or death, and even on law, philosophy, logic, medicine, horses, or
manure, was written in verse. The condensation of thought in short verse was masterfully performed and epigrams on
different subjects of life are countless. They were composed in verse, because their brevity and condensed nature made it easier for a common reader to commit them to memory.”

Scholars of the later period have tried to summarise this literature either in the form of subhashita sangraha or gnomic and didactic poetry. Even many of the stone and copper plate inscriptions seem to have used this form on various occasions. Prakrit literature from North to South India has abundance of this type of composition. We would also like scholars to dwell deep in the panchatantra and similar wisdom writings. As a matter of fact, panchatantra seems to have travelled to East and West at a very early period, and most of the western nursery rhymes and wisdom literature have their origins in panchatantra and jatak kathas. They have inspired temple sculptures in India as well. This literature has also reached Tibet, China and Central Asian countries in the North as well as almost all South East Asian countries of today.

I am sure, scholars would examine every facet of available resource to add new information and insight to this creative literature of India. They should also include relevance of this literature to the positive sciences.